{"id":1589,"date":"2021-05-10T06:11:20","date_gmt":"2021-05-10T06:11:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/3.35.173.53\/?p=1589"},"modified":"2021-05-10T06:11:20","modified_gmt":"2021-05-10T06:11:20","slug":"kogan-a-et-al-2014-vagal-activity-is-quadratically-related-to-prosocial-traits-prosocial-emotions-and-observer-perceptions-of-prosociality","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/happyfinder.co.kr\/?p=1589","title":{"rendered":"Kogan, A., et al. (2014). Vagal activity is quadratically related to prosocial traits, prosocial emotions, and observer perceptions of prosociality."},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255); letter-spacing: -0.3pt; mso-fareast-font-family: \ub098\ub214\ubc14\ub978\uace0\ub515; mso-font-width: 97%; mso-text-raise: 0pt;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255); mso-fareast-font-family: \ub098\ub214\ubc14\ub978\uace0\ub515;\">In the present article, we introduce the quadratic vagal activity\u2013prosociality hypothesis, a theoretical framework for understanding the vagus nerve\u2019s involvement in prosociality. We argue that vagus nerve activity supports prosocial behavior by regulating physiological systems that enable emotional expression, empathy for others\u2019 mental and emotional states, the regulation of one\u2019s own distress, and the experience of positive emotions. However, we contend that extremely high levels of vagal activity can be detrimental to prosociality. We present 3 studies providing support for our model, finding consistent evidence of a quadratic relationship between respiratory sinus arrhythmia\u2014the degree to which the vagus nerve modulates the heart rate\u2014and prosociality. Individual differences in vagal activity were quadratically related to prosocial traits (Study 1), prosocial emotions (Study 2), and outside ratings of prosociality by complete strangers (Study 3). Thus, too much or too little vagal activity appears to be detrimental to prosociality. The present article provides the 1st theoretical and empirical account of the nonlinear relationship between vagal activity and prosociality.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!--StartFragment--><\/p>\n<p class=\"0\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255); mso-pagination: none; mso-padding-alt: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255); letter-spacing: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: \ud568\ucd08\ub86c\ubc14\ud0d5; mso-font-width: 100%; mso-text-raise: 0pt;\">Kogan, A., Oveis, C., Carr, E. W., Gruber, J., Mauss, I. B., Shallcross, A., &#8230; &amp; Keltner, D. (2014). Vagal activity is quadratically related to prosocial traits, prosocial emotions, and observer perceptions of prosociality. <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255); letter-spacing: 0pt; font-style: italic; mso-fareast-font-family: \ud568\ucd08\ub86c\ubc14\ud0d5; mso-font-width: 100%; mso-text-raise: 0pt;\">Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 107<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255); letter-spacing: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: \ud568\ucd08\ub86c\ubc14\ud0d5; mso-font-width: 100%; mso-text-raise: 0pt;\">(6), 1051.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"0\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255); mso-pagination: none; mso-padding-alt: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1037\/a0037509\"><u style=\"text-underline: #0000ff single;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 255); letter-spacing: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: \ud568\ucd08\ub86c\ubc14\ud0d5; mso-font-width: 100%; mso-text-raise: 0pt;\">http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1037\/a0037509<\/span><\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"0\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255); mso-pagination: none; mso-padding-alt: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;\">  <!--[if !supportEmptyParas]-->&nbsp;<!--[endif]-->  <o:p><\/o:p><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255); letter-spacing: -0.3pt; mso-fareast-font-family: \ub098\ub214\ubc14\ub978\uace0\ub515; mso-font-width: 97%; mso-text-raise: 0pt;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255); mso-fareast-font-family: \ub098\ub214\ubc14\ub978\uace0\ub515;\"><br \/><\/span><\/span>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the present article, we introduce the quadratic vagal activity\u2013prosociality hypothesis, a theoretical framework for understanding the vagus nerve\u2019s involvement in prosociality. We argue that vagus nerve activity supports prosocial behavior by regulating physiological systems that enable emotional expression, empathy for others\u2019 mental and emotional states, the regulation of one\u2019s own distress, and the experience [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,15],"tags":[45,64],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/happyfinder.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1589"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/happyfinder.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/happyfinder.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happyfinder.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happyfinder.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1589"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/happyfinder.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1589\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1590,"href":"https:\/\/happyfinder.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1589\/revisions\/1590"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/happyfinder.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1589"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happyfinder.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1589"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happyfinder.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1589"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}