Two laboratory and two randomized field experiments tested a psychological intervention designed to improve students’ scores on high-stakes exams and to increase our understanding of why pressure-filled exam situations undermine some students’ performance. We expected that sitting for an important exam leads to worries about the situation and its consequences that undermine test performance. We …
Category Archives: 연구논문
Herring, M. P., O’connor, P. J., &Dishman, R. K. (2010). The effect of exercise training on anxiety symptoms among patients: a systematic review. Archives of internal medicine, 170(4), 321-331.
Background Anxiety often remains unrecognized or untreated among patients with a chronic illness. Exercise training may help improve anxiety symptoms among patients. We estimated the population effect size for exercise training effects on anxiety and determined whether selected variables of theoretical or practical importance moderate the effect. Methods Articles published from January 1995 to …
Boulding, W., Glickman, S. W., Manary, M. P., Schulman, K. A., &Staelin, R. (2011). Relationship between patient satisfaction with inpatient care and hospital readmission within 30 days.
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether hospitals where patients report higher overall satisfaction with their interactions among the hospital and staff and specifically their experience with the discharge process are more likely to have lower 30-day readmission rates after adjustment for hospital clinical performance. STUDY DESIGN: Among patients 18 years or older, an observational analysis was conducted …
Neuman, W. R., Park, Y. J., & Panek, E. (2012). Info capacity| Tracking the flow of information into the home: An empirical assessment of the digital revolution in the US from 1960–2005.
This study analyzes the increasing dominance of electronic media in the American media diet and a growing discrepancy between supply and demand in the digital cornucopia. Drawing on the communication flow methodology pioneered by Ithiel Pool in the 1980s, the study tracks U.S. industry data on technology penetration and household behavior from 1960 to 2005 …
Tang, Y. T. (2008). The relationship between use of humor by leaders and R&D employee innovative behavior: Evidence from Taiwan. Asia Pacific Management Review, 13(3), 635-653.
Leadership has been found to affect individual and organizational innovation. Use of humor is a characteristic of leadership, and has been identified as a moderator of leadership style and individual or unit-level performance. Yet, the link between use of humor by leaders and employee innovative behavior has not been examined. This study examines the relationships …
Jha, A. K., Orav, E. J., Zheng, J., &Epstein, A. M. (2008). Patients& #39; perception of hospital care in the United States. New England Journal of Medicine, 359(18), 1921-1931.
Background Patients’ perceptions of their care, especially in the hospital setting, are not well known. Data from the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) survey provide a portrait of patients’ experiences in U.S. hospitals. Methods We assessed the performance of hospitals across multiple domains of patients’ experiences. We examined whether key characteristics …
Aronson, E., & Mills, J. (1959). The effect of severity of initiation on liking for a group. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 59(2), 177-181.
“An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that persons who undergo an unpleasant initiation to become members of a group increase their liking for the group; that is, they find the group more attractive than do persons who become members without going through a severe initiation. This hypothesis was derived from Festinger’s theory of …
Latané, B. (1981). The psychology of social impact. American Psychologist, 36(4), 343-356.
Proposes a theory of social impact specifying the effect of other persons on an individual. According to the theory, when other people are the source of impact and the individual is the target, impact should be a multiplicative function of the strength, immediacy, and number of other people. Furthermore, impact should take the form of …
Anderson, C., & Kilduff, G. J. (2009). Why do dominant personalities attain influence in face-to-face groups? The competence-signaling effects of trait dominance.
Individuals high in the personality trait dominance consistently attain high levels of influence in groups. Why they do is unclear, however, because most group theories assert that people cannot attain influence simply by behaving assertively and forcefully; rather, they need to possess superior task abilities and leadership skills. In the present research, the authors proposed …
Davis, J. I., Senghas, A., Brandt, F., & Ochsner, K. N. (2010). The effects of BOTOX injections on emotional experience. Emotion, 10(3), 433-440.
Although it was proposed over a century ago that feedback from facial expressions influence emotional experience, tests of this hypothesis have been equivocal. Here we directly tested this facial feedback hypothesis (FFH) by comparing the impact on self-reported emotional experience of BOTOX injections (which paralyze muscles of facial expression) and a control Restylane injection (which …