Stress and cortisol are known to impair memory retrieval of well-consolidated declarative material. The effects of cortisol on memory retrieval may in particular be due to glucocorticoid (GC) receptors in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Therefore, effects of stress and cortisol should be observable on both hippocampal-dependent declarative memory retrieval and PFC-dependent working memory …
작성자별 글 보관함:서울대학교 행복연구센터
Kirschbaum, C., Wolf, O. T., May, M., Wippich, W., &Hellhammer, D. H. (1996). Stress-and treatment-induced elevations of cortisol levels associated with impaired declarative memory in healthy adults.
Two studies investigated the association between cortisol levels and memory performance in healthy adults. In a first study, 13 subjects were exposed to a brief psychosocial laboratory stress (“Trier Social Stress Test”) with a subsequent test of declarative memory performance. Results indicated a significant negative relationship between stress-induced cortisol levels and performance in the memory …
Cohen, S., Janicki-Deverts, D., Doyle, W. J., Miller, G. E., Frank, E., Rabin, B. S., &Turner, R. B. (2012). Chronic stress, glucocorticoid receptor resistance, inflammation, and disease risk.
We propose a model wherein chronic stress results in glucocorticoid receptor resistance (GCR) that, in turn, results in failure to down-regulate inflammatory response. Here we test the model in two viral-challenge studies. In study 1, we assessed stressful life events, GCR, and control variables including baseline antibody to the challenge virus, age, body mass index …
Von Dawans, B., Fischbacher, U., Kirschbaum, C., Fehr, E., &Heinrichs, M. (2012). The social dimension of stress reactivity: acute stress increases prosocial behavior in humans.
Psychosocial stress precipitates a wide spectrum of diseases with major public-health significance. The fight-or-flight response is generally regarded as the prototypic human stress response, both physiologically and behaviorally. Given that having positive social interactions before being exposed to acute stress plays a preeminent role in helping individuals control their stress response, engaging in prosocial behavior …
Kaufer, D., Friedman, A., Seidman, S., &Soreq, H. (1998). Acute stress facilitates long-lasting changes in cholinergic gene expression. Nature, 393(6683), 373.
Acute traumatic stress may lead to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)1, which is characterized by delayed neuropsychiatric symptoms including depression, irritability, and impaired cognitive performance2. Curiously, inhibitors of the acetylcholine-hydrolysing enzyme acetylcholinesterase may induce psychopathologies that are reminiscent of PTSD3,4. It is unknown how a single stressful event mediates long-term neuronal plasticity. Moreover, no mechanism has …
Rosenberger, P. H., et al. (2009). Surgical stress-induced immune cell redistribution profiles predict short-term and long-term postsurgical recovery: A prospective study.
Background: The experience of undergoing surgery is known to induce a short-term, fight-or-flight physiological stress response. As an optimum immune response at the site of surgery would enhance tissue repair, we examined surgical stress-induced immune cell redistribution profiles as predictors, and potential mediators, of short and long-term postoperative recovery. We tested the a priori hypothesis …
Dhabhar, F. S. (2014). Effects of stress on immune function: the good, the bad, and the beautiful. Immunologic research, 58(2-3), 193-210.
Although the concept of stress has earned a bad reputation, it is important to recognize that the adaptive purpose of a physiological stress response is to promote survival during fight or flight. While long-term stress is generally harmful, short-term stress can be protective as it prepares the organism to deal with challenges. This review discusses the immune …
Dhabhar, F. S. (2009). Enhancing versus suppressive effects of stress on immune function: implications for immunoprotection and immunopathology
Stress is known to suppress immune function and increase susceptibility to infections and cancer. Paradoxically, stress is also known to exacerbate asthma, and allergic, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, although such diseases should be ameliorated by immunosuppression. Moreover, the short-term fight-or-flight stress response is one of nature’s fundamental defense mechanisms that enables the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal …
Dhabhar, F. S., &McEwen, B. S. (1996). Stress-induced enhancement of antigen-specific cell-mediated immunity. The Journal of Immunology, 156(7), 2608-2615.
The studies described here demonstrate that the activation of the physiologic stress response systems of the body can enhance immune function in vivo. This enhancement is observed as a large and long lasting increase in allergic contact sensitivity or delayed-type hypersensitivity, an immune reaction which involves an Ag-specific, cell-mediated immune response. In contrast, acute stress …
Dhabhar, F. S., Miller, A. H., McEwen, B. S., &Spencer, R. L. (1995). Effects of stress on immune cell distribution. Dynamics and hormonal mechanisms.
Immune cell trafficking is crucial to the performance of the surveillance as well as effector functions of the immune system. Because immune cells travel between tissues through the bloodstream, the numbers and proportions of leukocytes in the circulation provide an important representation of the state of leukocyte distribution in the body. The studies described here …